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Pregnancy problems and diseases - Pre Eclampsia

Pregnancy poisoning is if you get too high blood pressure when you are pregnant. The baby can grow poorly and your organs can be affected if your blood pressure becomes too high. To lower blood pressure, you may need to rest. If that doesn't help, you may need to give birth to the baby sooner than expected.



Most people who get pregnant are not affected very much. But some need quick hospital care. Pregnancy poisoning is also called preeclampsia.

symptoms

Often you do not get any symptoms. The most common is that the disease is detected at a check in the midwife.

But some may have one or more of the following symptoms:


  • You get a sudden headache that you do not recognize.
  • You get vision problems, such as flicker of the eyes, loss of vision, blurred vision and double vision.
  • You get a lot of pain in the upper abdomen, especially right under the ribs.
  • You get nausea and vomiting after week 18.
  • You swell up on your face, hands or feet. The swelling comes quickly.
  • You generally feel sick, absent and shaky.

When and where should I seek care?

Go for regular checkups at the midwife . If you have high blood pressure you may go for extra checks.

Immediately contact a midwife or emergency room if you have symptoms of pregnancy poisoning. If it is closed, seek care at an emergency room or a gynecological emergency room .

After pregnancy week 22 + 0, you should seek care at a childbirth clinic .

Call telephone number 1177 for medical advice . Then you get help in assessing symptoms and help with where you can seek care.

What can I do for myself?

It is important to avoid  stress . Those who work or study may need to be on sick leave. Stress can cause blood pressure to rise further. Although you should take it easy, physical activity during pregnancy is good .

Surveys

A midwife measures your blood pressure when you go to check on the midwife reception. You may also submit urine samples.

You who have high blood pressure can also be examined with ultrasound . The ultrasound examination can show how the child grows. It can also show how blood flows into the placenta and umbilical cord.

You can also be examined with a CTG device . The device measures the baby's heart rate and can help assess how the baby is feeling inside the uterus.

treatments

There is no drug that can remove pregnancy poisoning. However, you can get medicines that lower blood pressure.

Some are hospitalized. Then the health care staff can more easily monitor your blood pressure and how you are feeling.

Preventive treatment

Some may need prophylactic treatment with a mild blood thinning drug. It may be one or more of the following statements made to you:


  • You have had pregnancy poisoning during a previous pregnancy.
  • You have an autoimmune disease such as SLE or APS.
  • In a previous pregnancy, you had premature discharge of the placenta , or the baby died in the stomach.
  • You have type 1 diabetes or type 2 diabetes .
  • You're expecting twins .
  • You have kidney disease.
  • You have high blood pressure .
  • You have become pregnant with the help of IVF with egg donation.

Contact a midwife if any of the above statements are true of you, preferably early in pregnancy.

The baby may need to be born prematurely

Your kidneys and your liver can be affected too much by the disease. Or the child may feel bad. In this case, the baby needs to be born prematurely.

Either the delivery is started or the doctor makes  caesarean sections . The method of delivery depends on how far you have come in pregnancy and how you are feeling.

More about pregnancy poisoning
It is most common to get pregnancy poisoning at the end of pregnancy, after pregnancy week 34.

Nobody really knows what the disease is due to, but it is probably because the placenta does not work properly. The placenta needs to sit well against the uterine wall. Otherwise, particles and cells from the placenta and fetus may leak into the blood of you who are pregnant.

Your immune system responds to the particles. This causes the blood vessels to become damaged and contract. The reaction causes protein in the urine and blood pressure to rise.

After childbirth

Pregnancy poisoning goes away when the baby is born. It can take a couple of days up to a week after birth.

It happens that some people get pregnancy poisoning soon after giving birth, but it is unusual.

Blood pressure can continue to be high. Some need to take medication for a few months after giving birth. Sometimes blood pressure needs to be checked periodically for an extended period of time. Most often, you get to check the blood pressure at a health center.

The child may need extra supervision if they are born prematurely. It often happens at a special reception for premature babies, a so-called neonatal ward.

Complications or sequelae

Later in life, you may find it easier to get certain diseases. For example, you can more easily get high blood pressure , heart disease and type 2 diabetes .

Therefore, it can be good to live healthy. It is good to move , to eat good food and to avoid smoking and alcohol . Check your blood pressure once a year.

How is time as pregnant affected by pregnancy poisoning?

Some who receive pregnancy poisoning feel anxious . You may feel anxious about your own health or your child not feeling well. It can help to think that health care has good routines for how to treat pregnancy poisoning.

HELLP syndrome

A severe form of the disease is called HELLP syndrome. Then you get very high blood pressure. With HELLP syndrome you suddenly feel sick and get a lot of pain in the upper abdomen. The HELLP syndrome is unusual.

eclampsia

Another severe form of the disease is called eclampsia. With eclampsia you get cramps. Some also get strong headaches and eye twitches. Eclampsia is very uncommon.

Influence and participate in your care

You can seek care at any health center or open specialist clinic you want throughout the country. Sometimes referral to the open specialized care is required .

You should understand the information

In order for you to be involved in your care and treatment, it is important that you understand the information you receive from the healthcare staff. Ask questions if needed. You can also ask for information printed so that you can read it peacefully.

You have the opportunity to get help from an interpreter if you do not speak Swedish . You also have the opportunity to get help from an interpreter if you have a hearing loss .

If you need tools , you should get information about what is available and how to get it.
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